What is Mask Fit Testing?
Mask fit testing is a way to determine if a tight-fitting respirator has an adequate seal between the facepiece and the wearer's face.
A mask fit test assesses how well a specific respirator fits the individual. Since faces vary in shape and size, and so do respirator facepieces, one mask does not fit all. Without a fit test, there's no way to ensure that a respirator provides its stated level of protection to prevent harmful airborne contaminants from being inhaled.
Whether you work in healthcare, construction, mining, automotive, or any industry where respiratory protection is required, a mask fit test is a requirement under the AS/NZS 1715:2009 and the AS/NZS ISO 16975:3:2023.
A well-fitted respirator ensures that airborne contaminants do not leak into the breathing zone. This reduces the risk of exposure to hazardous substances such as silica dust, asbestos fibers, chemicals, vapours, fumes, and bioparticulates (e.g. COVID-19).
Notice we said "reduces risk." No respirator can eliminate an airborne hazard. Other control measures must be in place to protect workers' safety.
Types of Mask Fit Testing: Qualitative vs. Quantitative
There are two primary methods of mask fit testing: qualitative fit testing and quantitative fit testing.
1. Qualitative Fit Testing
Qualitative fit testing is a subjective test that relies on the wearer's sensory perception to detect leaks. It uses a test agent—such as saccharin or Bitrex— to challenge the mask while the wearer performs a series of exercises. If the wearer tastes the challenge agent during the fit test, this means that the seal of the respirator is inadequate.
Qualitative fit testing can only be used to test filtering facepiece disposable respirators (N95/P2) or half-face reusable respirators. Full-face respirators must be fit tested using a quantitative method.
Read more about the qualitative mask fit testing method here.
2. Quantitative Fit Testing
Quantitative fit testing is an objective test that provides a numerical measurement (called a fit factor) of the mask’s seal using equipment such as an AccuFit or PortaCount machine.
This method is generally more accurate than qualitative fit testing because it doesn't rely on the user's sense of taste to assess the fit. This method can be used for tight-fitting disposable N95/P2 respirators and reusable half-face or full-face masks.
At Fit Test Victoria, we have machines that work by using a condensation nuclei counter (CNC) to measure the concentration of airborne particles inside a respirator compared to the concentration of particles in the ambient air. The machines measure the amount of leakage around the mask by counting the number of particles that get inside the respirator during a fit test.
There are other types of quantitative fit testing such controlled negative pressure (CNP) method which creates a negative pressure inside the mask using a special machine. If there are any leaks, air will enter and break the vaccuum. The machine then measures the amount of inward leakage to calculate a numerical fit factor.
Who Needs a Mask Fit Test?
If you're required to wear respiratory protective equipment (RPE) and that RPE is a tight-fitting respirator, then you need to get a mask fit test.
There's a common misconception that people in certain jobs, tasks or roles do not have to get a mask fit test even if they're wearing tight-fitting respirators. For example, we've heard employers say that because their workers aren't exposed to silica, they don't need a fit test. And some folks think that because the RPE is only worn "for a couple of hours" a day, it doesn't require fit testing.
This isn't true! Anyone who wears tight-fitting respirators must get those masks fit tested.
This includes, but is not limited to, professionals in:
Healthcare
Construction, mining, quarrying
Manufacturing
Automotive
Agriculture
Morgues
Pharmaceuticals
Art restoration
Bottom line is this. No matter your job, role, task, hazard or exposure time, if tight-fitting respirators are required to keep you safe, get a mask fit test.
How Often Should You Get a Mask Fit Test?
Mask fit testing is not a one-and-done.
Fit testing is required:
Whenever a new brand or model of respirator is used
If there are significant facial changes (weight loss, dental work, or surgery that alters facial structure)
At least once a year to ensure continued protection
If the mask no longer provides a good seal
What to Expect During a Mask Fit Test
Here’s what to expect during your mask fit test:
Pre-Test Requirements
You must be clean-shaven. Facial hair, even stubble, will compromise the seal of the respirator. Some moustaches and trimmed goatees are OK as long as they don't cross the seal.
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking/vaping at least 30 minutes before the test.
If you'll be using your own mask, make sure it's clean and bring it with you to your fit test appointment.
Donning the Mask
The tester will guide you through the correct way to wear the mask, ensuring proper positioning and strap adjustment and show you how to do a seal check.
Fit Testing Procedure
If undergoing qualitative fit testing, you will be exposed to a test agent while performing a series of exercises.
If undergoing quantitative fit testing, a machine will measure the respirator’s seal while you perform a series of exercises.
Fit Test Results
The fit tester will assess whether the mask provides a secure fit.
If the mask fails, adjustments or a different size/model may be recommended.
Where to Get a Mask Fit Test in Australia
If you need a mask fit test in Australia, make sure you choose a provider that follows AS/NZS 1715 protocols and standards.
At Fit Test Victoria, we offer mask fit testing across Victoria and interstate. Whether you need a P2 fit test for construction work or an N95 fit test for your clinical placements, we can help.
With two offices in Coburg and Oakleigh, and the option for onsite fit testing, we make getting fit tested easy and convenient.
If you want to get a mask fit test at one of our offices, click here to book online. If you're interested in us coming to your workplace or campus, call 0428 630 109 or email: info@fittestvic.com.au
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